Machine i ob



Jan. 10, 1928. 1,656,097

v. DAHL MACHINE FOR MAKING HOLLOW CONCRETE BLOCKS AND THE LIKE FiledApril 2,'1925 2 sheets-sheet 1 l l l l l l I wie i l `\'-D I' l l# 1 f NATTORNEY..

Jan. 10, 1928. 1,656,097

V. DAHL MACHINE FOR MAKING HOLLOW CONCRETE BLOCKS AND THE LIKE FiledApril 2, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Jan. it), lilith.

retener UNITED STATES PATEN FFICE.

MACHINE 'FR MAKNG HLLV CUNCRE'TE IBLMS .lhl IJKE.

.Application filed April 2, with.

rlhis invention relates to machines for making hollow concrete blocks ortile tor building purposes7 especially bloelrs composed oi' einderconcrete, that is, concrete in which the inert ingredient or aggregateconsists largely or entirely of coal ashes or cinders. The chiet objectot the invention is to provide a machine in which the tiles or blocksare termed on their side, thereby minimizing the tendency olf thematerial to deform by reason ot its own weig it When removed from themold. it. further object is to provide a machine et simple and du rableconstruction which can be constructed at low cost and be capable etturning out blocks of uniform size and quality in a rapid and eiicientmanner. To these and other ends the invention comprises the novel'teatures hereinafter described.

The preferred embodiment ot the inven tion is illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a side view of a completehanddriven machine, With the various parts thereof in their initialpositions, ready for operation.

Fig. 2 is a detail side view showing the feed-hopper in its forwardposition, over the mold.

Fig. 3 is adetail side vieuT showing the sizing plate in its lowerposition, eompressing the concrete inthe mold to a uniform thickness ofblock.`

Fig. t is a detail plan view, and Fig. 5 a detail side view, of theplungers an d mecha nism 'for rotating .and reciprocating the same toi'orm the passages or openings in the block.

Fig. 6 is a detail front view, and Fig. 7 a detail rear view, of theplunger mechanism shown in Figs. 4 and 5.

Fig. 8 is a detail perspective view cutting head used on theplungers.

Fig. 9 is a detail perspective vien1 mold, showing also 'the removableof the et the pallet which closes the bottom ot the mold and onl whichthe molded block is carried away.

Fig@ 10 is a detail perspective vieiv of a Vliolldiv block or tile as itcomes from the Serial No. 361,029.

molded block. is to be removed the latch is released and the Walls swungout, Where upon the pallet 15, which i'orms the bottom ot' the mold.ycan be lifted oft its supports 16.

The mold is mounted at the trent et the machine, as shown in Fig. 1, anddirect-ly under the path et the lilling hopper 17, Which is arranged toslide forwardly and rearwardly ena hated bottom plate 18, the side edgeso t which serve as rails and for tl at purpose are embraced by theguides 19 carried by the hopper. The rearward move ment ot' the hopperis limitedby a trans verse stop 19a, composed ot a piece ot angle iron.,and to limit its forward movement it is provided at each side with alongitudinally extending red 20 passing 'through an opening in the stop19a and provided at its rear end with a pair of nuts 21 locked in ad`iusted position so as to arrest the hopper when the open bottom of thelatter is in register with the open top et the mold.

For the purpose oi forming the openings in the bloelr l provide in rearof the mold a plurality oi' horizontal cores or plungers 24, Figs. 1 andd, arranged side by side in line with the openings 22 in the mold Wall11, Fig. 9, through Which the plungers can be reeiprocated and at thesame time rotated. lt will be understood that these openings are oft asize to permit tree movement of the plungers in and out ot the mold. Tofacilitate the advance ot the rotating piungers into the concrete in themold their forward ends may be termed with beveled radially offsetcutters 25. The plungers or cores are preferably made oiB tubing, inwhich case the cutting ends may be in the torm of removable heads, as26, Fig. 8, tor convenient replacement when Worn. rlhe plungersthemselves are mounted to rotate in a bearing block 27 on alongitudinally movable carriage 28 and at their rear ends they arethreaded on studs 9,9 which are themselves rotatably mounted in bearings30 on the aforesaid carriage 28. The plungers can thus be adjustedindividually on their re spective studs and each, after adjustment, canbe locked to its stud by a 'tapered pin hey 31 driven through `thelongitudinal slots 32 in opposite sides oi the plunger and through thetapered hole in the stud.

The driving studs 29 (and With them the plungers 9.1) are rotated bymeans of pinions o3 lined on their rear ends and meshing vvith idlergears Slt which are themselves lThe operator now rotates i by a bevelpinion Ll() on the shaft 4l oit one of the idlers The pinions 38 engageparallel racks Ll2 arranged at the sides ot the machine, It will theretore he seen that as the driving' shatt Sti is rotated (by means, forexample, ot the crank llf3) the plungers will be rotated and that at thesame time the carriage Willrbe reciprocated, moving in one direction orthe other according` to the direction of rotationfot the eriving; shaft.

f The racks l2 are mounted to have a limited sliding` movement in thehangers ll2l and lare 'held normally in their toi-ward position bycontractile springs 42"; connected to pin-s 42 on the racks and tostationary ears 42d on lthe frame oll the machine.

At the sides of the i'nachine are two piv .oted arms 44;, having'counter'weights t5 and carrying a presser plate 46 ot such shape andsize as to fit easily into thetop of the moldWhen, the hopper being` inthe position shown in'Fig. l, the arms are swung' tor- Wardly and downby'means ot the handle 47, as in Fig. 3. The depth ot penetration ofthe' plate into the mold is limited, and made unitornnby a stop 48 onthe underside of the handle. Y

` The operation ot the machine will now be readily understood. The partsbeine,r in the positions'shown in Fig. l, a'suitable amount offconcreteis deposited in the hopper 17, which. is then drawn 'forward over theempty mold l0, as in Fig. 2, whereupon the concrete drops into the moldand lills the same. the drivine' shaft 36' by means of the handlel,therby rotating the plungers 24 and at the same time advancing them intothe mold through the openings 22 in the rear wall thereof. When thecarriage 28`reaches the stop-screws 28a adjustable in the rear Wall of.the mold the carriage and plungers are arrested, after which furtherrotation ot the pinions 38, by the driving' shaft, moves the racks 4t2backl Wardly, such backward movement ot the latter being permitted bythe stretching; of the springs 42h? which are preferably stili? enoughto insure complete advance of the plungers against the maximumVVresistance offered by the concrete be'torethe springs yield. l Thisyielding' connection oit the'racks to thet'rameof Vtheimachine permitsone or more revolutions oi the plungers after their advance is arrested,so that clean round hole-s are produced. It willV be understood thatlthevextent of the penetration ot' the plungers (into the mold)v dependsupon the adjustment ot the dctcnt screws 28". lt these are so located asto cause arrest olE the plungers with their cutting heads 25 well clearot the liront wall et' the mold, one face ot' the block or tile will helett without openings7 to serve as the outer or exposed it'acc when theblorlrs are laid in a wall.

rthe operator now pushes` the hopper haelt to its rearward position overthe bottom plate itl, as in Fig. l, and bringe the preaser plate Lledown, pressing); il into the mold as tar as it will gro. This cmnprrrscsthe cou-- Crete slightly and determines the thiclncfs or the moldedblocks, malviuog the successive blocks unitorm iu thirhn aa will he readily understood. rThe operator now rotates the drivin.;Y shatt in theother direction, which retracts the plunfrers lo the position shown inFig'. jl. than lets` thc presi-'cr (or sizing) plate swing` up. ail'tcrwhich the latch 14 is released and the mold opened permit-ting thepallet l5 and the mold hollow block lit), l0. to be li'lftcd oll'. iluemptyY pallet liaviimbeen placed on lhc table the operations describedabove are repeated.

lt is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specificconstruction herein illustrated and described but can be embodied inother forms without departure trom its spirit.

l claiml. ln amachine 'tor termine; concrete blocks, in combination, amold open at the top and having an opening in one wall7 said mold beingadapted to be filled with uncompacted concrete, means comprisinga hopperto receive concrete and movable to a position over the mold to deliveruncompacted concrete thereto7 and a device operable by the. machinethrough said wall opening to :form a. cavity in concrete in the moldwith out compacting the concrete, surplus material displacedV during thecavity-forming operation being pushed above the top of the mold, saidcavity-forminpr device compris ing;` a rotary plunger bearing' a cuttingdevice on its forward end.

2, The combination oit' a mold having a plurality of openings in itsrear wall, a carriage movable toward and from said rear wall, aplurality ol plunger?, rotatably mounted in the carriage and alignedwith the said openings to enter the saule; means. including a driving`gear, mounted 'in said carriage and movable therewith to rotate theplungcrs; means actuated by the driving gear to advance and retract thecarriage, and a. splined drivingshaft tor the driving gear to permitadvance and retraction ot the carriage while the gear is being; rotated.

3. In a. machine for the purpose described, a horizontally movablecarriage, a plurality ot plungers rotatably mounted therein andextending forwardly from the carriage, a,

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ll t) Leanne? driving shaft parallel With the path of the carriage, adriving gear mounted in the carriage and splined on the driving shalt toslide thereon While being rotated thereby, means connecting the drivinggear and the piangere to rotate the latter, and means also actuated tromthedriving gear to advance and retract the carriage.`

4f. ln a machine 'for the purpoee described, a horizontally movablecarriage, a plurality of plnngere rotatably n'ionntcd therein andextending` tforwardly vfrom the carriage, a driving Shaft parallel withthe path olf the carriage, a driving gear mounted. in the carriage andaplined on the driving Shaft to slide thereon While being rotatedthereby, means connecting the driving gear and the plungere to rotatethe latter, racks along eide of the path ,of the carriage, pinionemounted in the carriage and meshing with the racks, and means connectingthe pinione and the driving gear to rotate the former and therebyadvance and retract the carn riage.

5. In a machine for the purpoae described, a horizontally movablecarriage, a plurality oli piangere rotatably mounted therein andextending forwardly from the carriage, a .driving shaft parallel Withthe path of the carriage, a driving gear mounted in the car riage andeplined on the driving shaft to slide thereon While being rotatedthereby, pinione at the rear of the plungers to rotate the latter, idlergears meshing with the driving gear and pinions to rotate the latter,racks alongside of the path of the carriage, pinione mounted in thecarriage and meshing with the racks, and gearing connectingl the laatmentioned pinione and one of said idlere te rotate said pinione landthereby advance and retract the carriaoe.

6. In a. machine for the purpose described, in mnnbination, a blockmold, a carriage movable toward and from the mold, plung ere inormted inthe carriage to enter the mold ae the carriage ia advanced, means fori:*otating the piangere While the carriage ad In.ncing, racks alongsideof the path oli the carriage, pinione mounted in the carringe andmeshing with the racks, and con-- nected with. said plunger-rotatingmeans for actuation simultaneously therewith, and yielding meansconnected with the racks to permit backward movement thereof when thecarriage is at the limit of its forward travel.

In testimony whereof I hereto affix my signature.

VALENTINE DAHL.

